According to Rowe, Behrens, and Leach's framework, a person who opposed outright discrimination, but also opposed affirmative action would be classified as having a(n) ________ attitude.

• A. Dominative
• B. Conflictive
• C. Integrative
• D. Reactive

Answer: (B)

This item looks at how people can hold seemingly contradictory views about equality and the ways to achieve it. In Rowe, Behrens, and Leach’s framework, attitudes toward discrimination and policies like affirmative action are analyzed as different, sometimes overlapping positions. A person who opposes outright discrimination shows a commitment to fairness in principle, but if they also oppose affirmative action, they’re resisting a specific remedy meant to promote equality in practice. That combination reflects an internal tension between valuing equal treatment and opposing tools designed to achieve it, which the framework labels as conflictive. The other categories describe more consistent or differently oriented stances: dominative would lean toward hierarchies or exclusion; integrative would harmonize anti-discrimination with supportive or constructive inclusion policies; reactive suggests responding to stimuli or threats rather than reflecting a coherent pattern of beliefs. So the described attitude best fits conflictive because it embodies both a principled opposition to discrimination and a contrary stance toward affirmative action, signaling an internal conflict in how they view equality and its remedies.